National Security Management

National Security

National Security is all about state security and human security. State security refers to protection of national independence, sovereignty and frontiers while human security includes protection of life, liberty and property of people. National security is focused on human and state security by emphasizing on multi-dimensional aspects such as political, economic and socio-cultural dimensions.

National Security Management

National Security management is a set of managerial process and activities concerned with the maintenance and enhancement of national security. National security management is basically divided into two components: Internal Security management that is concerned with protection of life, liberty and property of people in the country, and external security management which is concerned with the protection of national sovereignty, frontiers, and defense from foreign aggression and terrorism.

Scope of National Security Management :-

(1). External Security Management:-

1. Protection of frontiers of the state.
2. Controlling terrorism and illicit drugs transactions.
3. Controlling cross-border crime.
4. Developing harmonious and balanced relationship with neighboring countries.
5. Controlling counterfeit currency transactions.

(2). Internal Security Management:-

1. Managing internal political agitations and strife.
2. Preventing & Managing racial, ethnic and religious conflicts.
3. Controlling organized crime such as human trafficking, cyber-crime, terrorism, illicit money laundering, etc.
4. Preventing and controlling social crime.
5. Post-conflict management.
6. Promoting rule of law, democracy and protection of human rights.
7. Security of industrial estates and vital installations.
8. Disaster management, social security and digital security.
9. Security management of urban areas and highways.

Provisions for National Security in Nepal : –

Provisions Relating to National Security

1. Nepal has adopted policy of embracing the principles of UN charter, Non-alignment, Panchasheel, International law and value for world peace in her international relations. It is reflected in the Constitution of Nepal.
2. Constitution of Nepal has made provisions regarding national security in Part 28 under which National Security Council, Provisions related to Nepal Army, and Provisions regarding Nepal Police, Armed Police Force, Nepal and National Investigation Bureau are made in Article 266,267 and 268 respectively.
3. Policy regarding national unity and national security is provisioned in the Article 51 of the Constitution of Nepal. Similarly, National Security Policy, 2073 has been embraced for national security management.
4. Legal Provisions such as Nepal Police Act, 2012 Arms and Ammunition Act, 2019, Local Administration Act, 2028, Armed Police Force Act, 2058, Army Act, 2063 have addressed on maintenance of peace and security in their respective domain.
5. Nepal always supports regional cooperation for promoting regional and national security. Activity involved in cooperation and solidarity with other countries in regional and international forum to control terrorism, organized crime, human trafficking, money laundering, illicit drugs trafficking, and for disarman
6. Bilateral talks and action plans have been carried out with neighboring countries at different levels to resolve boarder disputes, control cross-border crime, terrorist activities, human trafficking, illicit drugs and counterfeit currency transactions.
7. Nepal Army, Nepal Police, Armed Police Force, Nepal and National Investigation Bureau have been actively working for security management in their respective jurisdictions.
8. Provision of central security committee and district security committee headed by Minister for Home affairs and Chief District Officer respectively, which evaluate, report and carry out action plans regarding security situation in their respective domain.
9. Local Administration Act, 2028 provisions authority and responsibility of Chief District Officer for the maintenance of peace and security in their respective districts.
10. A separate Act has been enacted for controlling organized crime. For this cause, Organized Crime Prevention Act, 2070 is in effect.
11. Flexible and liberal policy is made to address and resolve the disputes and agitations between political parties and government through negotiations.